Virtualization Expert Victor Avelar

What is the bigger incentive to run an energy efficient data center: saving some money or saving the earth?    Can a data center manager consider both to be equally important or is this line of thinking inherently dangerous?  And where do technologies like server and storage virtualization fit into the mix?

To answer these questions and more, our Data Center Leaders Interview Series turned to Senior Research Analyst from APC Victor Avelar, fresh off his webinar with Aaron Goldberg, Unleashing Virtualization’s Full Energy Savings:

Evolving Solutions:
What tips would you offer for business seeking to reduce data center costs?

Victor Avelar:
In general, the older the data center, the more energy-saving improvements that can be made.

Cooling system improvements are always a good place to start.  If hot and cold aisle containment hasn’t been implemented yet, I would start planning this, so that all future refreshes result in some kind of rack layout relocations that bring the data center closer to 100% hot / cold aisle.

Hot / cold aisle configuration will increase the effectiveness of air distribution and could allow one or more of the air conditioners to be turned off.  Same thing with installing blanking panels in all the empty U spaces of the racks.

Another easy way to save energy costs is to unplug servers that are no longer needed yet are still plugged in.  If there are any windows in the data room / center, cover them up with some insulation to reduce the solar heat gain that the air conditioners must remove.

Evolving Solutions:
Are there inherent dangers in trying to make your data center too cost efficient?

Victor Avelar:
In short the answer is yes.  You can place your critical operations at risk if you don’t understand how an ‘improvement’ impacts other systems.

For example, I could really save energy by turning off some air conditioners but if I’m not careful about monitoring temperature, a few servers may turn off due to thermal shutdown.

However, there’s nothing wrong with going all out to make your data center more cost efficient, the key is to know when you begin to hit the point of diminishing returns.

Evolving Solutions:
The webinar you co-presented with Aaron Goldberg, Unleashing Virtualization’s Full Energy Savings, highlights tactics like server virtualization that will help attendees maximize data center efficiency.  Are solutions like server virtualization geared more towards large data centers, small data centers, or can these solutions be scaled for any size company?

Victor Avelar:
I believe the largest % savings from virtualization go to companies that have hundreds of servers.

Host servers running 40 to 60 virtual machines is very possible and very efficient.  Large companies also have a better chance of rightsizing their power and cooling systems which can reduce the electric bill even further.

This isn’t to say that companies with 50 servers couldn’t benefit, but the savings percent tends to be lower.

Evolving Solutions:
According to survey results published by The Data Center Users Group and reported by SearchDataCenter.com, 47% of data center managers list energy efficiency as their second highest concern.  In a similar survey published four years ago, energy efficiency did not even appear in the top three.  Outside of the desire to save costs, what do you feel has driven the concern over data center energy efficiency so high?

Victor Avelar:
I believe there are a few different reasons for this.  One is definitely psychology.  If my peers are actively pursuing energy efficiency, you can bet that I will follow the herd, since I don’t want to appear clueless.

On a similar vein, the “green movement” has taken hold and companies want to be seen as part of the solution when it comes to saving the earth.  The risk of backlash is too great if they don’t.

Furthermore, if many people are pursuing it, chances are there is some real value there.  Which brings up reason #2; savings.  Done right, energy efficiency can definitely lead to real savings on the electrical bill.  Reason #3 is government regulations.

It’s just a matter of time before the data center industry is acted upon by energy regulations through carbon tax, Energy Star incentives, penalties, and other ways to reduce energy consumption.  Some electric utilities are already providing incentives for companies to reduce power consumption through rebates for buying certain types of IT equipment.

Evolving Solutions:
What products or solutions do you envision contributing to data center efficiency 5 years down the road?

Victor Avelar:
By far the biggest positive impact on energy savings will come from cooling system improvements.  If you look at the efficiency of the power train (i.e. from service entrance to the rack power strips) we have solutions today that result in a power train efficiency of greater than 86%.  The “cooling train” is far less efficient and is fertile ground for improvements in the next five years.

Specifically we’ll see solutions related to free-cooling through air-side and water-side economization.  Of course, the energy savings of these solutions will depend heavily on where in the world you locate your data center.  Other improvements in cooling systems will come from “smart” data center management which makes certain changes to devices based a holistic understanding of the entire ecosystem.

Today, a “good” change made to one device may cause the net power consumption to increase.  The classic example is when one air conditioner is cooling and humidifying while another one is dehumidifying.

Another solution that we’ll see is data center management that not only monitors and controls the white space but also the electrical and mechanical systems.  These management systems will have a holistic view of the entire ecosystem and will be able to alert when the data center efficiency is lower than it should be.

Evolving Solutions:
Wild Card:  Anything else you would like to add?

Victor Avelar:
There is so much information out there today and for the most part it’s pretty accurate.  I encourage all data center operators to read what’s out there so they are at least familiar with various solutions and how they decrease power consumption.

Storage Consolidation Expert Rajeev Bhardwaj

Behind labor, energy costs are emerging as the second highest operating cost in most data centers worldwide. Operating in an economy still in the early stages of recovery, companies must explore all options available for reducing data center energy costs.

Today’s entry in our Data Center Leaders Interview Series sets out to help companies make the critical IT decisions that will lower costs, including those associated with storage consolidation, without hindering performance.

For help, we turn to Rajeev Bhardwaj, Senior Director, Data Center Switching Technology Group, Cisco:

Evolving Solutions:
What do you recommend as a first step in the development of a cost efficient storage consolidation or networking plan?

Rajeev Bhardwaj:
End-to-end virtualization will consolidate the datacenter and will deliver operational efficiencies from the perspective of being cost-effective and applications being easier to manage, provision, and deploy. End-to-end virtualization in the datacenter includes server virtualization, server I/O virtualization, Storage Area Network (SAN) virtualization, and Storage virtualization.

End-to-end virtualization should begin with SAN virtualization as the SAN network interconnects all the storage and server elements in the datacenter and a consolidated SAN can serve as a platform for further virtualization of servers, server I/Os, and storage.

Customers typically deploy silo’ed infrastructure with multiple SAN islands based on departmental, application, and performance needs. The consolidated SAN must maintain the logical separation between the SAN Islands from both data path and control plane perspectives while consolidating them on a single, physical infrastructure: Virtual SAN (VSAN) allows to easily achieve that virtualization abstraction.

Consolidating multiple SAN islands in a virtualized SAN allows to significantly reducing the number of infrastructure assets required, being now shared and dynamically allocated based on actual needs.

This approach optimizes assets’ utilization and dramatically reduces deployment, management, as well as power, space and cooling costs. A consolidated SAN has the additional advantage that intelligence can now be deployed in the SAN to enable both server virtualization and storage virtualization.

Evolving Solutions:
What are the inherent dangers in trying to make your storage consolidation plan too cost efficient?

Rajeev Bhardwaj:
It is very important to consider the underlying architecture of each device required to deliver the consolidated SAN. If the SAN switch architecture is not robust and delivers unpredictable performance and latency, the consolidated SAN becomes a central bottleneck affecting all applications and all departments.

One should consider questions such as – how does the switch architecture handle congestion, does it exhibit consistent latency and performance, does it provide enough buffer-to-buffer credits per port to handle different applications and distances, does it provide high availability and in particular for links that carry a lot of bandwidth between switches?

Evolving Solutions:
Green IT is seen by many as a solution to upgrading existing data centers to be more cost efficient.  Do you feel green IT practices can significantly impact the cost of storage consolidation?

Rajeev Bhardwaj:
A piecemeal approach of deciding each IT component based on its power consumption can work fine for marginally reducing power as a first step, but can actually be counter-productive overall if a holistic view of the data center power is not considered.

Solutions that at the chassis level seem to provide slightly better power consumption, have proven to increase the overall power cost of the datacenter: poor network support of server virtualization constraints the consolidation of servers, consuming over 75% of the overall datacenter power budget; limited networking capabilities and unpredictable performance require to increase network size as soon as new applications are deployed in the datacenter, transforming the initial minimal saving in a major cost.

Green IT can reduce cost and power usage while increasing operational efficiency in the data center if achieving end-to-end virtualization is maintained as a goal. Deploying the right networking infrastructure can provide security, performance, Quality of Service (QOS), and ease of management required to enable reductions in the size of the server farm, the number of LAN and SAN switches, and the number of storage arrays.

Evolving Solutions:
In a recent interview, author and StorageIO found Greg Schulz helped dispel the myth that storage networking and consolidation are business expenses that only apply to large enterprises.  In your experience, are smaller businesses aware of the need for storage consolidation and networking plans?

Rajeev Bhardwaj:
In these tough economic times, smaller businesses are looking to reduce both capital and operational expenditure. Smaller businesses understand that times are tough but are also looking to position themselves for the turn-around in the economy and so are not willing to sacrifice on scalability.

IT is increasingly considered as a means to increase the company efficiency and competitiveness by providing real-time data to any sales person, partner, or executive anywhere at any time while maintaining security and keeping costs low.

Smaller businesses are very much interested in buying and maintaining fewer servers, fewer switches, and getting more mileage out of their existing storage arrays. Thus we see smaller companies collapsing their multiple fabric switches into a larger director to gain scalability and high availability while reducing management expenses.
Similarly, we have also seen keen interest in our Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) portfolio from smaller business looking to consolidate their LAN and SAN expertise and infrastructures.

Evolving Solutions:
Omar Sultan, your colleague from Cisco, envisioned matured virtualization, greater use of automation and the evolution of cloud computing as solutions that would lower data center costs five years from now.  What would you add to this list?

Rajeev Bhardwaj:
Most organizations have separate LAN and SAN departments managing separate networks today. Five years from now I see this distinction being blurred and administrators who are aware of both LAN and SAN environments running a common network based on common switching components.

I see this common, cost-efficient network providing the under-pinning for higher data center virtualization, automation, and ultimately evolution of highly scalable, secure, and highly available private and public cloud infrastructures.

Evolving Solutions:
Wild Card:  Anything else you would like to add?

Rajeev Bhardwaj:
Energy costs are emerging as the second highest operating cost (behind labor) in most of the data centers worldwide. While networks consume a very small percentage of the overall data center power, deployment of intelligent networks can drastically reduce end-to-end power consumption and management costs while reducing provisioning time for new applications and achieving greater operational efficiencies in the data center.

Is Green IT The Answer?

Last month, we at Evolving Solutions celebrated Earth Day.

In the spirit of the day, I conducted an online search on Green IT to see how others in the industry are discussing green initiatives, and found the excellent post, “Saving Green by Being Virtually Green,” by Lilac Berniker.

“The focus of IT departments has shifted palpably in the last few months. Until last year, their focus was on becoming more environmentally conscious and making concerted efforts towards ‘greening the datacenters,’” begins Berniker.  ”Today, the entire focus is on cost savings, cost avoidance and cost deferment. Few organizations realize that virtualization can be a critical link to creating a utopian world where IT can lower costs while at the same time be more green.”

So, can data center cost saving strategies, like server and storage virtualization, transform our world into the utopia envisioned by major proponents of a green lifestyle?

The answer is a resounding ‘maybe.’

Despite its name, Green IT’s focus is almost entirely on cost-savings.  However, when someone offers Green IT as a solution, many see this as trusting a vital part of your business to a faddy, green movement.

A business’ fundamental purpose for existing is to be a profitable entity, and part of what’s keeping this entity alive is a robust, efficient IT infrastructure.  While many businesses have implemented green initiatives, these initiatives are secondary, and more philanthropic than fundamental.

The reason why few organizations realize that Green IT, or initiatives like server and storage virtualization, can be beneficial to the environment is because this is not their fundamental purpose for existing.

Hence the revised focus on selling Green IT as a cost saving initiative.

So, will Green IT save costs?

Absolutely.  The idea behind green IT is lower power costs, essentially.

Will Green IT be beneficial to business?

Yes.  Solutions like server and storage virtualization, while using less power, bring with them the added benefit of more efficient IT processes, leading to a more efficient business altogether.

Will Green IT make our world a better place to live?

Likely so.  In using fewer resources, it would not be out of line to suggest that we are collectively reducing our impact on the planet.

When someone mentions Green IT in your organization, realize that while its benefit towards the greater good for our planet remains to be proven beyond a doubt, its benefit to your business is not the least bit in question.

Businesses today are finding themselves on a predatory quest to cut costs now, and in some cases, think about the ramifications to efficiency later.  Remarkably, strategies designed to lower data center costs are simultaneously designed to increase efficiency.

Evolving Solutions has gathered insight from top industry thought leaders designed to help our readers lower data center costs and improve efficiency.  Thought leaders, including Microsoft Global Strategist Toby Velte and FOCUS Consulting President Barb Goldworm, have contributed their insight to the Data Center Leaders interview series.   Below, are 5 data center cost avoidance tips from our thought leaders:

1.    Completely Reevaluate The Management Of Your Data Center: Today’s advances in technology, particularly green IT initiatives, offer tremendous potential to minimize consumption of current resources.  Per Microsoft Global Technology Strategist Toby Velte,  by reevaluating data center needs, including how much storage and speed is truly necessary, companies will become armed with the knowledge necessary to achieve sustained data center cost reduction in future projections.

2.    Server and Storage Virtualization: In the long run, virtualization is best for sustained cost reduction, states Omar Sultan, Senior Solution Manager for Data Center Switching at Cisco.  Virtualization, replacing physical servers with a virtual environment, lowers the total cost of server infrastructure, thereby lowering the total energy costs of a business overall.

3.    Move to Blade Systems: Blade systems, self-contained computer servers designed for high data density, can increase your efficiencies in power and cooling, per Barb Goldworm, President and Chief Analyst at FOCUS Consulting.   The amount of servers common in a data center have oftentimes led to power consumption concerns as these large servers must run in a temperature controlled environment.  By minimizing the heating and cooling costs necessary for a  data center, blade centers minimize the heating and cooling costs for a business as a whole.

4.    Go Green: “Organizations are finding that there simply is no more power available to them unless they pay to build the generation plants necessary to support them,” shares Dan Kusnetzky, ZDNet contributor and founding partner of the Kusnetzky Group. It can be tempting to see the green movement as just another fad, but at the end of the day, it is about saving power costs by utilizing more energy efficient technology, such as virtualization, and little else.

5.    Have a Disaster Backup and Data Recovery Plan: “If your server room imploded, what would you do?” asks Susan Snedaker, Principal Consultant with VirtualTeam.  The likely answer is, you would pay – and pay any amount – to get your critical data back.  Disasters happen, and to recover will cost money. By developing a disaster backup and data recovery plan in advance, however, companies can mitigate much of the desperation costs involved with recovery.

Offered to steer your business in the right direction, the cost avoidance tips provided in our Data Center Thought Leaders interview series illustrate ways your businesses can achieve cost cutting initiatives without sacrificing efficiency or productivity.

If you have more tips to share, we welcome your insight and invite you to share via a comment below.

Virtualization Expert Cisco's Omar Sultan

Bottom-line, companies today are looking for any way to decrease costs.  Cost savings strategies currently being implemented by many companies include upgrading data centers by leveraging solutions such as server, storage and network virtualization.

Evolving Solution’ Data Center Leaders interview series turns its attention back to the subject of data center cost avoidance this week in our interview with Omar Sultan, Senior Solution Manager for Data Center Switching for the Cisco Data Center Solutions team.

Sultan has over 25 years of experience in the IT industry working work for a number of Fortune 500 companies. Prior to joining Cisco, Sultan developed a broad range of experience ranging from data center management to network operations.  A member of Cisco’s team since 1999, Sultan’s current responsibilities center on the Cisco data center switching portfolio.

In our interview with Sultan below, we discuss how server, storage and network virtualization can lower data center costs today and look into our crystal balls to determine what solutions may be on tap for the future:

Evolving Solutions:
What tips would you offer for business seeking to reduce data center costs?

Omar Sultan:
I think, in the long run, server, storage and network virtualization is the best bet for sustained cost reductions. Technologies such as VMware or Hyper-V can be enormously helpful in reducing the cost of server infrastructure.  Similarly switch virtualization technologies such as virtual device contents (VDC) and virtual port channels (vPC) on our data center switches can simplify network infrastructure.

So, these technologies can save you CapEx up front, but they open up a second area of savings by reducing OpEx–less infrastructure will lower costs around power, cooling, cabling and rack space.

Unified fabric would be another example of both reducing upfront costs and setting the stage for sustained savings. Virtualized infrastructure is also simpler to manage, so that opens up another avenue of savings–increased productivity of your operations staff.

This brings us to the second area, which is improved operations efficiency.  While this is often viewed as “soft” savings, the truth is the people are often still the biggest single budget line item so anything that can be done on this front is important, whether it is improved management and automation tools or a more efficient organizational structure.

Evolving Solutions:
Are there inherent dangers in trying to make your data center too cost efficient?

Omar Sultan:
With a few exceptions, customers are telling us that their year-over-year budgets are flat to declining, so I am not sure “too efficient” is an issue.  I think the bigger risk is not being able to provide support to the business in the areas it needs–and these days, that especially means areas that impact the top line.

Things like energy efficiency and server, storage and network virtualization help drive budget efficiency–they let you target spending where it does the most good.  They also give you more efficient and flexible access to you IT resources so you can run a leaner provisioning model (i.e. less over-provisioning) without running the risk of being caught flat-footed if the business buts some kind of unexpected demand on the IT infrastructure.

Evolving Solutions:
What products or solutions do you envision reducing data center costs 5 years down the road?

Omar Sultan:
If we fast forward 5 years, I think we will continue to see the existing virtualization trends mature–I think they will be fully mainstream by them and will be the de facto operating environment for most companies.

I think we will see a sea change in management in the next five years, with greater use of automation and the introduction of more holistic management models, which will further drive up operations productivity and reduce the costs associated with management and operations.  I also think we will see a continued evolution and maturing of cloud computing as a solution to the point that enterprise companies will start designing their facilities to handle more typical loads and rely on cloud providers to help weather peak load situations.